Simplified actor analysis for a case of developing renewable energy

Domestic fuels and renewables constitute less than 5% in the fuel balance of the Sverdlovsk region. However, the potential of renewables, including biomass, is higher. Some rural cottages and villages can be supplied with renewables placed around them. This paper describes the main actors in the field of developing renewable energy in the Sverdlovsk region, gives their classification (individual micro-scale consumers, joined small and mid-scale consumers, and other “actors”) and presents their desired behaviour. As a conclusion, the paper offers one of the possible ways to force the development of renewable energy by using an “inverse infrastructure” approach. © 2014 WIT Press.International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning;WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environmen

Root Canal Anatomy Visualization using Three-Dimensional Computed- Tomography and Transparent Preparation

Three-dimensional Computed Tomography (CT) is used to analyze the topography of the root canal anatomy in order to make a decision in choosing root canal preparation method. There is a method that make extracted teeth transparent maintaining its anatomical shape and size. It is important to compare the accuracy of the two visualization methods. Objective: To compare the transmission accuracy of root canals anatomy by two visualization methods, three-dimensional CT and transparent tooth preparation. Methods: Mandibular third molar was used as sample. The three-dimensional CT scan was performed before extracting the teeth. Then teeth were extracted and placed in solutions that made them transparent. Results: Despite the fact that the character of dental origin in terms of the angle of the crown, the curvature of the crown, the deviation of the root showed in three-dimensional CT, other tooth anatomical parameters were equally well detected using a transparent tooth preparation. Overall, the curvature of the root canals is more clearly shown by transparent tooth preparation. Conclusion: Transparent tooth preparation provides superior visualization of real root canal anatomy compared to three-dimensional CT, however the later could give us more information about the relation of the tooth within the jaw.DOI: 10.14693/jdi.v20i2.15

Energy problems of the rational use of the economic potential of the region

Analysis of problems of the social-economic development of the region, the assessment of the regional economy from the position of the full and rational use of its economic potential supposes developing an appropriate system of special indices, creating tools for their quantitative characteristics. Economic resources as basic constraints for regional economic development are of paramount importance. It is known that these are non-renewable natural, in particular, fuel and energy resources. State authorities at a federal and regional level play an essential role in the regulation of competitive access to energy resources in Russia. The using of balance sheet methods for analysing and comparing different ways of economic development of the areas, the corresponding demand for fuel and energy resources, regulating the export and import of fuel and energy resources, assessing the impact of energy efficiency programs and energy efficiency in the power settings are provided at the legislative level. The paper describes some results and conclusions derived from studies using different approaches to forming a regional energy balance model based on the data of the Sverdlovsk region. © 2014 WIT Press.International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering;International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning;WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environmen

Planar Heterostructure Graphene -- Narrow-Gap Semiconductor -- Graphene

We investigate a planar heterostructure composed of two graphene films separated by a narrow-gap semiconductor ribbon. We show that there is no the Klein paradox when the Dirac points of the Brillouin zone of graphene are in a band gap of a narrow-gap semiconductor. There is the energy range depending on an angle of incidence, in which the above-barrier damped solution exists. Therefore, this heterostructure is a "filter" transmitting particles in a certain range of angles of incidence upon a potential barrier. We discuss the possibility of an application of this heterostructure as a "switch".Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure